The shadow economy in the Netherlands Antilles
ثبت نشده
چکیده
In the last decade, there are strong indications of an expansion in shadow economic activities in the Netherlands Antilles, which is caused by the high tax burden and high unemployment. This paper attempts to measure the size of the shadow economy of the Netherlands Antilles using two distinct estimation methods: the direct and indirect approach. Both methods produced similar results, showing the size of the shadow economy of the Netherlands Antilles to be approximately 11% of GDP. JEL Classification Numbers: E26, H26, I3, J21, and O54
منابع مشابه
Institutional Quality, Natural Resource Rent, and Shadow Economy
Natural resource rent affects countries’ economies through various channels. Revenues from the natural resources sales are expected to boost countries' economic growth, but the economic experience of recent decades reveals the numerous economic problems in these countries, the most important of which may be the increase in the shadow economy size. Moreover, the institutions specify the signific...
متن کاملThe Shadow Economy and Globalization: A Comparison Between Difference GMM and System GMM Approaches
In a general classification, the economy of any country is divided into two parts of official and invisible economies. Invisible activities drop outside the scope of the law and official economy and strongly affect socioeconomic development and the formal sector of all countries.These activities which are known under various titles including the shadow economy are influenced by various factors....
متن کاملInvestigating the effect of asymmetric shocks of the shadow economy on energy consumption in terms of financial development in Iran
This paper investigates the effect of positive and negative shocks from the shadow economy and financial development on energy consumption during the period of 1974–2014 in the short and long term using the non-linear Autoregressive Distributed Lag. The ratio of liquidity to GDP has been used as an indicator of financial development, and the volume of the shadow economy calculated by Piraee and...
متن کاملInvestigating the Relationship between Green Tax Reforms and Shadow Economy Using a CGE Model - A Case Study in Iran
I n the past decades, the effect of different tax amendments on various economic issues has been studied. The majority of these studies have avoided considering shadow economy as part of the calculation and analysis, and an issue, which has received little attention, is the relationship between green tax reforms and shadow economy, as for informal labor, which is well-connected to un...
متن کاملEstimating Shadow Economy and Tax Evasion by Considering the Variables of Government Financial Discipline and Behavioral Factors in Iran’s Economy
L ow tax incomes and the large size of the government in Iran lead into budget deficit, which increases the inflation rate. It also causes economic instability and fluctuations in inflation, leading to tax non-compliance and the transfer of people to the informal economy. Therefore, considering the variables of financial discipline and behavioral factors, this research examines the e...
متن کامل